Đề tài Dragon fruit quality manual

© AusAID 2006 VERSION: 1.0 10 November 2006 Copy Number: 1 © AusAID 2006 VERSION: 1.0 10 November 2006 Copy Number: 1 © COPYRIGHT (2006) AusAID, Australia. All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, transmitted, reported, or copied in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical or otherwise without written permission of the copyright owner. Information contained in this publication is confidential and is not to be disclosed in any form to any party without the prior approval in writing of the Chief Executive Officer, AusAID, 62 Northbourne Avenue, GPO Box 887, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia. © AusAID 2006 VERSION: 1.0 10 November 2006 Copy Number: 1 DRAGON FRUIT QUALITY MANUAL Introduction This manual has been developed to support the introduction of Good Agricultural Practices to the Dragon fruit Industry of Vietnam. The manual is based on the requirements of EUREPGAP (Euro-Retailer Produce Working Group Good Agricultural Practice) at the farmer level and BRC (British Retail Consortium – Global Standard: Food) standards as access to these markets is not possible unless complete compliance with these standards is met. The manual has been developed as an outcome of an AUSAID CARD project: Developing GAP systems for Dragon fruit producers and exporters in Binh Thuan and Tien Giang provinces 037/04VIE 2005 to 2007. The manual describes how the Farmers; Packers; and Exporters of the Dragon fruit Industry will comply with the requirements of the EUREPGAP (Version 2.1 – Oct 04), BRC (Issue 4, January 05) and HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point). The manual also includes: Codes of Practice; Protocols; Recommended Systems; Project training material; Compliance documentation samples; The Dragon fruit farm Register; and other relevant project generated material. The Manual is a living document and will be subject to continual improvement. For the purpose of the CARD Project the approach taken has been to develop people and systems at all levels within the Dragon fruit Industry (Research, Extension, Exporter, Packer, Farmer) in the requirements of GAP, Food Safety/Security, and Health and Safety issues. The initiative commenced with a Pilot demonstration and will be systematically expanded. It is expected that, through this development, full compliance with the standards will be met and access to high value markets will be gained by increasing numbers of farmer and packers. ******************************** BRC Global Standards - Food will be applied to packer/exporter: • Accredited certification bodies evaluate companies to confirm conformity of product with the specified requirements laid down within the BRC Technical Standards • Evaluation by the certification bodies will be carried out at a specified frequency to demonstrate the continued conformity of the certified product within the required standard. BRC copyright approval was given provided that the purchase of the BRC Global Standard – Food is made for each packhouse. This Dragon fruit manual is to be used in accordance with the CARD copyright requirements. The layout and format of the BC Global Standard - Food has been used with BRC's approval for the packer section of this manual. This was done to ensure that the "Fundamental" BRC requirement (in red) is clearly identified at the beginning of each packer subsection to indicate the purpose/requirement of the sub section. Within the context of the BRC standard ‘fundamental’ requirements are those where © AusAID 2006 VERSION: 1.0 10 November 2006 Copy Number: 1 certification will not be awarded if companies cannot satisfy these requirements hence the special emphasis on these requirements. The implementation of this manual must be delivered by suitably qualified personnel. Only those certification bodies who have accreditation to ISO/IEC Guide 65 with a scope, which includes meeting the requirements of the standard (or actively seeking accreditation to ISO/IEC Guide 65), shall carry out evaluations against a BRC Standard and issue appropriate certificates. Register of manual copies released: Copy Number Copy Issued to English Vietnamese 1 AusAID 1 1 2 SOFRI 1 1 3 SOFRI 1 1 4 Pilot Project 1 1 5 HortResearch 1 1 6 HortResearch 1 1 7 HortResearch 1 1 ******************************** To gain accreditation under EUREPGAP the farmer will be assessed by an independent and Accredited Certifying Body: EUREPGAP Control Points are split into three categories, ‘Major Must’, ‘Minor Must’ and ‘Recommended”: • MAJOR MUST (47 control points) – Requires 100% compliance to those that are applicable • MINOR MUST (98 control points) – Requires 95% compliance to those that are applicable • RECOMMENDED/SHOULD (65 control points) - Farmers complete this section. Compliance is not compulsory, however auditing is. Web site: www.eurep.org ******************************** The Dragon fruit quality manual will be referred to as “the Manual”. © AusAID 2006 VERSION: 1.0 10 November 2006 Copy Number: 1 CONTENTS Page SECTION A - THE EXPORTER..............................................................................................3 1. Project Scope ....................................................................................................................3 2. The GAP Project Pilot Programme...................................................................................3 3. Product compliance with the standards.............................................................................4 SECTION B - THE PACKER ...................................................................................................7 1. HACCP System ................................................................................................................7 2. Quality Management System..........................................................................................23 2.1 Quality Management System- General Requirements...........................................23 2.2 Packer Quality Policy Statement ...........................................................................23 2.3 Quality Manual ......................................................................................................25 2.4 Organisational Structure, Responsibility and Management Authority ..................27 2.5 Management Commitment.....................................................................................28 2.6 Customer Focus .....................................................................................................29 2.7 Management Review .............................................................................................30 2.8 Resource Management...........................................................................................31 2.9 Internal Audit .........................................................................................................32 2.10 Purchasing..............................................................................................................34 2.11 General Documentation Requirements ..................................................................35 2.12 Corrective Action...................................................................................................38 2.13 Traceability ............................................................................................................39 2.14 Management of Incidents, Product Withdrawal and Product Recall .....................40 2.15 Complaint Handling...............................................................................................41 3 Factory Environment Standards......................................................................................42 3.1 External Environment Standards ...........................................................................42 3.2 Internal Environment Standards ............................................................................44 3.3 Services ..................................................................................................................50 3.4 Equipment ..............................................................................................................51 3.5 Maintenance...........................................................................................................52 3.6 Staff Facilities ........................................................................................................53 3.7 Physical and Chemical Product Contamination Risk ............................................55 3.8 Housekeeping and Hygiene ...................................................................................56 3.9 Waste/Waste Disposal ...........................................................................................57 3.10 Pest Control............................................................................................................58 3.11 Transport ................................................................................................................59 4 Product Control...............................................................................................................61 4.1 Product Design/Development ................................................................................61 4.2 Handling Requirements for Specific Materials......................................................62 4.3 Metal Detection/Foreign Body Detection..............................................................63 4.4 Product Packaging .................................................................................................65 4.5 Product Inspection and Analysis............................................................................66 4.6 Stock Rotation........................................................................................................67 4.7 Product Release......................................................................................................68 4.8 Control of Non conforming Product ......................................................................69 5 Process Control ...............................................................................................................70 5.1 Control of Operations ............................................................................................70 © AusAID 2006 VERSION: 1.0 10 November 2006 Copy Number: 1 5.2 Quantity Control ....................................................................................................76 5.3 Calibration and Control of Measuring and Monitoring Devices ...........................77 6 Personnel.........................................................................................................................80 6.1 Training – Raw Material Handling, Preparation, Processing, Packing and Storage Areas ......................................................................................................................80 6.2 Personal Hygiene – Raw Material Handling, Preparation, Processing, Packing and Storage Areas .........................................................................................................83 6.3 Medical Screening .................................................................................................85 6.4 Protective Clothing – Food Handlers and Others Working in or Visiting Food – Handling Areas ......................................................................................................86 7. Records ...........................................................................................................................89 8. Grower Register ..............................................................................................................89 SECTION C - THE FARMER ................................................................................................93 1. Traceability .....................................................................................................................94 2. Record Keeping ..............................................................................................................96 2.1 Farmer Records......................................................................................................97 3. Varieties and Rootstocks.................................................................................................99 3.1. Choice of Rootstock...............................................................................................99 3.2 Seed Rootstock Quality........................................................................................100 3.3 Pest and Disease Resistance.................................................................................101 3.4 Seed Treatments and Dressings ...........................................................................102 3.5 Propagation Material............................................................................................103 3.6 Genetically Modified Organisms.........................................................................104 4. Site History and Management.......................................................................................105 4.1 Site History ..........................................................................................................105 4.2 Site Management .................................................................................................109 5. Soil and Substrate Management....................................................................................110 5.1 Soil Mapping........................................................................................................110 5.2 Cultivation............................................................................................................111 5.3 Soil Erosion..........................................................................................................112 5.4 Soil Fumigation....................................................................................................113 5.5 Substrates .............................................................................................................114 6. Fertiliser Usage .............................................................................................................115 6.1 Advice on Quality and Type of Fertiliser ............................................................116 6.2 Records of Application ........................................................................................117 6.3 Application Machinery ........................................................................................118 6.4 Fertiliser Storage..................................................................................................119 6.5 Organic Fertiliser .................................................................................................120 6.6 Inorganic Fertiliser...............................................................................................121 7. Irrigation/Fertigation.....................................................................................................122 7.1 Predicting Irrigation Requirements......................................................................122 7.2 Irrigation/Fertigation Method ..............................................................................123 7.3 Quality of Irrigation Water ..................................................................................124 7.4 Supply of Irrigation/Fertigation Water ................................................................125 8. Crop Protection .............................................................................................................126 8.1 Basic Elements of Crop Protection ......................................................................126 8.2 Choice of Chemicals ............................................................................................127 8.3 Records of Application ........................................................................................128 8.4 Pre-Harvest Intervals ...........................................................................................130 © AusAID 2006 VERSION: 1.0 10 November 2006 Copy Number: 1 8.5 Application Equipment ........................................................................................131 8.6 Disposal of Surplus Spray Mix............................................................................132 8.7 Crop Protection Product Residue Analysis..........................................................133 8.8 Crop Protection Product Storage and Handling...................................................134 8.9 Empty Crop Protection Product Containers.........................................................136 8.10 Obsolete Crop Protection Products......................................................................137 9. Harvesting.....................................................................................................................138 9.1 Hygiene ................................................................................................................138 9.2 Packaging/Harvesting Containers on Farm .........................................................139 9.3 Produce packed at point of harvest ......................................................................140 10. Postharvest Treatments .................................................................................................141 10.1 Hygiene ................................................................................................................141 10.2 Postharvest washing.............................................................................................143 10.3 Postharvest Treatments ........................................................................................144 10.4 On-farm Facility for Produce Handling and/or Storage ......................................146 11. Waste and Pollution Management ................................................................................148 11.1 Identification of Waste and Pollutants.................................................................148 11.2 Waste and Pollution Action Plan .........................................................................149 12. Worker Health and Safety.............................................................................................150 12.1 Risk assessments..................................................................................................150 12.2 Training................................................................................................................151 12.3 Facilities, Equipment and Accident Procedures ..................................................152 12.4 Crop Protection Product Handling.......................................................................153 12.5 Protective Clothing/Equipment............................................................................156 12.6 Welfare.................................................................................................................157 12.7 Visitors.................................................................................................................158 13. Environmental Issues ....................................................................................................159 13.1 Impact of Farming