150 CÂU TRẮC NGHIỆM VỀ KIẾN TRÚC MÁY TÍNH

150 CÂU TRẮC NGHIỆM VỀ KIẾN TRÚC MÁY TÍNH Which of the following statements about data and information is/are correct? c Data and information have an identical meaning. Information is generated after the processing of data. Information is needed to help us to make decisions. Video cassette recorders (VCRs) can be programmed to start recording at a preset time. Which of the following data is/are needed? d The start and stop time input by users. The time of the internal clock of the VCR. Video cassette tape. Only (a) and (b) Which of the following descriptions about data is/are correct? a A given set of data, when processed in different ways, can generate different information. Data must be consisted of digits. Data is a record of facts. Electronic data processing. b is superior in term of speed and accuracy.. can always provide accurate and correct information. will always lead to an increase in operational cost of an organization. Which of the followings is/are essential factor(s) to obtain accurate information? c Accurate data. An appropriate processing procedures. The use of electronic data processing. Which of the following organizations is/are most likely to be benefited from computerization? d Hospitals. Snack shops. Supermarkets. Only (a) and (c). When the resolution setting of a display unit is raised. b texts and images can be magnified. more different number of colours to be displayed. a larger monitor to be used. The quality of a scanned image depends on. a the resolution of the scan. The number of different colours can be distinguished. the speed of the scanning process. Dot matrix printers. d provide low cost printings. are good for printing invoices with carbon copies. has completely replaced by other printers due to its low printing quality. Only (a) & (b) Inkjet printers. d provide a low cost solution for colour printing. can replace all dot matrix printers. require quality papers for maximum printout quality. Only (a) and (c) Sound/speech synthesizers are commonly found in. d automatic telephone enquiry services. electronic dictionaries. Chinese speech recognition systems. Only (a) & (b) Internet video conferencing requires. d digital cameras. speech synthesizing systems. microphones. All true anwser. Bar codes are commonly found in. b Hong Kong identity cards. Supermarkets , Public libraries. Every computer in lab school. In the CDROM from manufactor. Which of the following devices can be used in making computer graphics? d Digital cameras. Optical character recognition systems. Image scanners. Only (a) and (c) Which of the followings are common for RAM and ROM?. d Their access time is much shorter than that of hard disks. Both of them are made of semiconductors. Both of them cannot store data and program permanently. Only (a) and (b) Which of the following devices can be randomly accessed? d floppy disks. hard disks. magnetic tape. RAM A computer system needs a backing storage because. d the price of main memory is high and its capacity is limited. the content in main memory is lost when the computer is powered off. the backing storage can be used to backup important data. All true anwser Nowadays people prefers rewritable-CDs to floppy disks. This is because. d The price of rewritable CDs has become popular. The content in a CD is not affected by magnetic fields. The capacity of a CD is several hundred times larger than that of a floppy disk. All true anwser Magnetic tapes are usually used to backup large amount of infrequently used data. Which of the following are possible reasons? c (1) The price per storage unit of magnetic tapes is lower than most backing storage media. (2) Magnetic tapes can not be accessed sequentially. Therefore, it is most suitable for backing up large amount of data which is not in frequent use. (3) Magnetic tapes are more robust than other backing storage media. (1) only (1) and (2) only. (1), (2) and (3). (2) and (3) only. The following sequences shows the hierarchy of data organization from top level to the bottom. Which one of them is correct? d field, character, record, file. record, file, character, field, file, record, character, field. file, record, field, char. Which of the following is not an octal number.b 451. 880. 325. 162. A computer uses the 8-bit two's complement representation to represent integers. The smallest and largest integer the computer can process are.d -8, 7. -127, 127. -256, 255. -128, 127. The main advantage of two's complement representation over that of sign-and-magnitude representation is. b With the same number of bits, two's complement representation can represent a wider range of integers. With two's complement representation, substractions can be performed by addition. In two's complement representation, only one bit pattern is used to represent the integer 0. Program designing can be simplified with the use of two's complement representation. The two's complement of the bit pattern 01101101 is. b 11101101. 10010011. 10110110. 10010010. How many bytes of memory locations are needed to store an English character and a Chinese character respectively? b one, one. one, two. two, two. two, one. The decimal number corresponding to 0.01101(2) is.b 0.2031. 0.40625. 1.625. 0.8125. Which of the following binary number is normalized? d 11.110111. 1.1111011. 1.01101 × 10^-11. 0.10111 × 10^101. Which of the followings is/are handled by the Control Unit? c (1) tells the main memory whether a read or write operation is going to carry out. (2) instruction decoding. (3) send and receive control signals to and from peripheral devices. (2) only. (1) and (3) only. (1), (2) and (3). (2) and (3) only Which of the following statements about the Program Counter is NOT correct?. b The Program Counter is a register in the Control Unit. The content in the Program Counter will always be increased by 1 in each instruction cycle. The Program Counter stores the address of the next instruction. There must be only one Program Counter in each CPU. Which of the following sequences is a correct description of the instruction cycle? c Fetch - Execution – Decode. Decode - Fetch – Execution. Fetch - Decode – Execution. Excecution - Decode – Fetch. Op-code d (1) is a part of a machine instruction. (2) represents the address of the memory location containing the required data. (3) specifies what operation is to be carried out by the computer. (1) only. (1) and (2) only. (1), (2) and (3). (1) and (3) only. Which of the following signals are sent to the CPU in instruction cycles? c (1) address signals (2) machine instructions (3) data (1) only. (3) only. (2) and (3) only. (1) and (2) only. Programs are written by low level languages.d occupy less storage space. can more easily be read and interpreted by human. run faster. Only (a) and (b) Which of the following translators generate object programs? b (1) assemblers (2) compliers (3) interpreters (1) only. Only (2) (1), (2) and (3). (1) and (3) only. The following statements describe the trend in the development of programming languages. Which of them is/are correct? b (1) programming languages become more structural. (2) programming languages are becoming more English-like. (3) low level languages are no longer used. (1) only. (2) only (1), (2) and (3) (2) and (3) only Which of the following errors can be detected by a compiler? a (1) syntax error (2) run-time error (3) logical error (1) only (1) and (2) only (1), (2) and (3) (2) and (3) only. Which of the following errors can be detected by an interpreter? b (1) syntax error (2) run-time error (3) logical error (1) only (1) and (2) only (1), (2) and (3) (2) and (3) only. Which of the following strategies can reduce the amount of time the CPU spends on waiting for the peripheral devices to complete their operations? b (1) Use technique of spooling. (2) Employ a multi-tasking operating system. (3) Set peripheral devices to offline mode. (1) only (1) and (2) only (1), (2) and (3) (2) and (3) only Which of the following is/are the responsibility/responsibilities of the operating system in a computer? d (1) Compile high level language programs. (2) Maintain the file structures in the hard disk. (3) Queuing print jobs (1) only (1) and (2) only (1), (2) and (3) (2) and (3) only The dynamic address translation feature finds a program's page table through the ___________________. c page frame table. page address registers. page table location register. page base registers. All of the following are commonly used output devices except __________. a a keyboard. a printer a monitor speakers. __________ holds data, instructions, and information for future use. a Storage Output Memory Input A __________ is a type of compact disc that has tremendous storage capacities - enough for a full-length movie. a DVD-ROM DV-RW CD-RW CVD-ROM. A modem is a(n) __________. b small, handheld input device that contains at least one button communications device that enables computers to communicate via telephone lines. output device that looks like a television screen and displays text or graphics storage device that stores data using microscopic pits created by laser light The user interface controls how data and instructions are __________. b processed and how information is communicated on a network. entered and how information is displayed on the screen entered and how information is communicated on a network processed and how information is displayed on the screen. __________ software allows numbers arranged in rows and columns to be calculated. c Word processing Database Spreadsheet Presentation graphics __________ write the instructions that direct a computer to process data into information. a Programmers Users Systems analysts Digital assistants Today, the terms PC and compatible refer to any personal computer that __________. a is based on specifications of the original IBM personal computer uses the Macintosh operating system uses a graphical user interface is based on specifications of the original Apple personal computer A mini-tower model computer usually is __________ inches tall. a 13 21 16 24 On a typical notebook computer, the __________.a keyboard is located on top of the system unit, the monitor attaches to the system unit with a hinge, and the drives are built into the system unit monitor is located on top of the system unit, the drives attach to the system unit with a hinge, and the keyboard is built into the system unit keyboard is located on top of the system unit, the drives attach to the system unit with a hinge, and the monitor is built into the system unit drives are located on top of the system unit, the keyboard attaches to the system unit with a hinge, and the monitor is built into the system unit. A __________, which looks like a ballpoint pen but uses pressure instead of ink, often is included with handheld computers for input. b Keyboard Stylus Mouse Scanner __________ are capable of processing more than 12 trillion instructions in a single second and are used in applications requiring complex, sophisticated mathematical calculation. d Handheld computers Internet appliances. Mainframes Supercomputers __________ is the process of obtaining a program instruction or data item from memory. a Fetching(nạp lệnh) Executing Storing Decoding __________ is the process of carrying out commands. a Executing Storing Decoding Fetching __________ is the process of writing the result to memory. b Fetching Storing Decoding Executing Arithmetic operations __________. b involve matching one data item to another to determine if the first item is greater than, equal to, or less than the other item include addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division use conditions with operators such as AND, OR, and NOT sort data items according to standard, predefined criteria in ascending order or descending order Memory stores __________. d the operating system and other system software that control the usage of the computer equipment. application programs that carry out a specific task the data being processed by application programs. All of the others answers. Some manufacturers state access times in nanoseconds; a nanosecond (ns) is one __________ of a second. a Billionth Thousandth Millionth Hundredth A musical instrument digital interface, or MIDI, port __________. a is a special type of serial port that connects the system unit to a musical instrument can connect up to 127 different peripheral devices with a single connector type allows wireless devices to transmit signals to a computer via infrared light waves is a special high-speed parallel port used to attach peripheral devices A 32-bit bus can transmit __________ at a time. b 16 bits (32 bytes) 32 bits (4 bytes) 32 bits (16 bytes) 4 bits (32 bytes) In most computers, the word size is __________ the bus width. a the same as either greater than or less than greater than less than A local bus is __________. c a bus designed by Intel to improve the speed with which 3-D graphics and video transmit the most common and slowest expansion bus a high-speed expansion bus that connects higher speed devices a bus that eliminates the need to install cards into expansion slots Similar to their desktop counterparts, notebook computers and handheld computers have a system unit that __________. d cannot run using a standard power supply usually is less expensive than desktop computers with the same capabilities houses devices such as the keyboard, pointing devices, speakers, and display contains electronic components that processes data Storage devices, such as disk drives, serve as both __________ devices. b output and communications input and output communications and processing processing and input Most keyboards, like that shown in the accompanying figure, have at least four __________ that are pressed to move the insertion point (xem hinh dinh kem). c numeric keypads function keys arrow keys toggle keys An enhanced keyboard __________.b is named from the layout of its typing area has twelve function keys along the top, two CTRL keys, two ALT keys, and a set of additional keys between the typing area and the numeric keypad is a battery-powered device that transmits data using wireless technology, such as radio waves or infrared light waves has a design that reduces the chance of wrist injuries. On notebook computers and many handheld computers, the keyboard is built into the __________. a top of the system unit front of the system unit back of the display bottom of the display The __________ is the most widely used pointing device on desktop computers a Mouse Stylus light pen touch screen The wheel on a mouse is rotated or pressed to __________ on the screen. b position the pointer move text and objects display a shortcut menu select or deselect items To move the pointer using a __________, a finger is slid across its surface. b light pen. Touchpad digitizing tablet graphics tablet A joystick is a __________. d pressure-sensitive pointing device shaped like a pencil eraser that is positioned between keys on the keyboard steering-wheel-type input device that is turned to simulate driving a car, truck, or other vehicle stationary pointing device with a ball on its top that is rotated to move the pointer vertical lever that is moved in different directions to control the actions of a vehicle or player Digital cameras use all of the following techniques to store images except __________. b floppy disk and SuperDisk hard disk and magnetic tape memory stick and PC Card mini-CD and microdrive The higher a digital camera's resolution, the __________ expensive the camera. b poorer the image quality, but the less better the image quality, but the more better the image quality, and the less poorer the image quality, and the more As a rule, a 1-__________ (million pixel) digital camera is fine for screen displays such as photo communities, Web pages, and e-mail attachments. b Kilopixel Megapixel Gigapixel Millipixel A DV (digital video) camera connects directly to a __________ port on a computer. a parallel port or USB serial port or USB parallel port or MIDI serial port or MIDI A __________ works similarly to a copy machine except that it creates a file of the document in memory instead of a paper copy. a flatbed scanner sheet-fed scanner pen or handheld scanner drum scanner A __________ guides a finger or pointing device so a user presses only one key at a time. b toggle key function key keyguard keypad As shown in the accompanying figure, __________ is a type of output that consists of music, speech, or any other sound. (xem hinh) c a graphic or graphical image audio text video As shown in the accompanying figure, __________ is a type of output consisting of full-motion images that are played back at various speeds. b a graphic or graphical image video audio text Display devices include all of the following except __________. c Televisions LCD displays Speakers CRT monitors Displays with higher resolution use a _________ image. c smaller number of pixels, providing a rougher smaller number of pixels, providing a smoother greater number of pixels, providing a smoother greater number of pixels, providing a rougher Manufacturers state video memory in __________. b Kilobytes Megabytes Gigabytes Millibytes Connecting a computer to a standard television set requires a(n) __________, which converts the digital signal from a computer into an analog signal that the television can display. b HDTV converter NTSC converter SVGA converter DDWG converter Hard copy, also called a __________, can be portrait or landscape orientation. b Pixel Printout Display Video __________ printers can print text at speeds of up to 40 pages per minute. c Dot-matrix Ink-jet Laser Thermal Two commonly used audio output devices are __________. d printers and speakers monitors and printers headsets and monitors speakers and headsets Two types of smaller, lower-cost data projectors are __________. a LCD projectors and DLP projectors CRT projectors and TFT projectors HPA projectors and DVI projectors POS projectors and ATM projectors A stand-alone __________ scans an original document, converts the image into digitized data, and transmits the digitized image. d Headset Woofer video adapter fax machine Examples of storage media are all of the following except __________. c floppy disks compact disks expansion cards tape Storage devices access items in __________. b Billionths of a second (nanoseconds) thousandths of a second (milliseconds) millionths of a second (megaseconds) hundredths of a second (centiseconds) In the early 1970s, __________ introduced the floppy disk as a new type of storage. d Intel Microsoft AT&T IBM Computers with one floppy disk drive refer to it as drive __________. a A C D B A(n) __________ floppy disk has a capacity of 1.44 MB. c LD (low-density) LC (low-capacity) HD (high-density) HC (high-capacity) To maximize a floppy disk's life, avoid __________. d exposure to heat and cold magnetic field