Abstract: Orchid is a specious kind of flower that brings about high economic value to flower
production and flower business. Production of Orchids in Vietnam has been limited to its
development, especially production of Oncidium-Sweet Sugar Orchids. Research on a process
of rapid multiplication of Oncidium-Sweet Sugar Orchids by using cell tissue culture in order
to create high quality varieties that help serve flower production industry. This is also hoped
to contribute to the Orchids production in Thanh Hoa province.
- The most appropriate mode of disinfection for bud samples is 7 minutes + 1 minute,
and for blooming samples is 7 minutes.
- Both BA and Kinetine have effects on the forming generation of the blooming
Oncidium Orchids. The best treatment for BA is MS+2% of sugar + 0.1g/ liter of Inositol +
6.5g of agar + 2 pmm BA, and for Kinetine is MS + 2% sugar + 0.1g/liter of Inositol + 6.5g
agar + 2 ppm Ki.
- The best medium that contains the growth control substances for forming generation
of slicing is MS + 2% of sugar + 0.1g/ liter of Inositol + 6.5g of agar + 1 pmm BA.
- The best medium for the Oncidium Orchids’ bud multiplication when added with
growth control substances is: MS + 2% of sugar + 0.1g/ liter of Inositol + 6.5g of agar + 0.5
ppm Ki.
- During the process of rapid multiplication of the Oncidium Orchids’ buds, it is
possible to add organic extracts to the medium (like bananas and potatoes) following the
treatment: MS + 2% of sugar + 0.1 g/liter of Inositol + 6.5g of agar + 50g Potato + 50g
Banana.
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Journal of Science Hong Duc University, E.2, Vol.7, P (67 - 73), 2016
67
A STUDY ON MULTIPLICATION OF ONCIDIUM-SWEET SUGAR BY
USING CELL TISSUE CULTURE
Le Hoai Thanh, Le Huu Can1
Received: 10 November 2014 / Accepted: 18 April 2016 / Published: May 2016
©Hong Duc University (HDU) and Journal of Science, Hong Duc University
Abstract: Orchid is a specious kind of flower that brings about high economic value to flower
production and flower business. Production of Orchids in Vietnam has been limited to its
development, especially production of Oncidium-Sweet Sugar Orchids. Research on a process
of rapid multiplication of Oncidium-Sweet Sugar Orchids by using cell tissue culture in order
to create high quality varieties that help serve flower production industry. This is also hoped
to contribute to the Orchids production in Thanh Hoa province.
- The most appropriate mode of disinfection for bud samples is 7 minutes + 1 minute,
and for blooming samples is 7 minutes.
- Both BA and Kinetine have effects on the forming generation of the blooming
Oncidium Orchids. The best treatment for BA is MS+2% of sugar + 0.1g/ liter of Inositol +
6.5g of agar + 2 pmm BA, and for Kinetine is MS + 2% sugar + 0.1g/liter of Inositol + 6.5g
agar + 2 ppm Ki.
- The best medium that contains the growth control substances for forming generation
of slicing is MS + 2% of sugar + 0.1g/ liter of Inositol + 6.5g of agar + 1 pmm BA.
- The best medium for the Oncidium Orchids’ bud multiplication when added with
growth control substances is: MS + 2% of sugar + 0.1g/ liter of Inositol + 6.5g of agar + 0.5
ppm Ki.
- During the process of rapid multiplication of the Oncidium Orchids’ buds, it is
possible to add organic extracts to the medium (like bananas and potatoes) following the
treatment: MS + 2% of sugar + 0.1 g/liter of Inositol + 6.5g of agar + 50g Potato + 50g
Banana.
Keywords: Sweet Sugar, disinfection, organic substances, bud multiplication process
1. Introduction
Orchid is a specious kind of flower that brings about high economic value to flower
production and flower business. However, the production of Orchids in Vietnam has been
Le Hoai Thanh
Department of postgraduate management and education, Hong Duc University
Email:Lehoaithanh@hdu.edu.vn ()
Le Huu Can
Faculty of Agricultural, Forestry and Fishery, Hong Duc University
Email: Lehuucan@hdu.edu.vn ()
Journal of Science Hong Duc University, E.2, Vol.7, P (67 - 73), 2016
68
limited to its development, especially production of Oncidium-Sweet Sugar Orchids. Our
attempt in this study is to research on a process of rapid multiplication of Oncidium-Sweet
Sugar Orchids by using cell tissue culture in order to create high quality varieties that help
serve flower production industry. This is also hoped to contribute the Orchids production in
Thanh Hoa province.
2. Subjects and research methods
2.1. Subjects for research
Fresh, yellow Oncidium Sweet Sugar Orchids, small flowers, and many flowers on a
branch.
2.2. Research methods
Experiments implemented in the artificial conditions, which enable adjustments in
lights and temperature, in the plant cell tissue culture labs of Hong Duc University.
The experiments were arranged as follows:
- Randomly, repeated every three times, each treatment using 10 samples.
- Regularly observed, data collected and calculated after every 10 to 15 days.
- Data analyzed using IRRISTAT.
3. Results and discussion
3.1. Effects of disinfection time on clean scale and forming generation scale of samples
after 8 weeks cultured
Table 3.1. Effects of disinfection time on clean scale and forming generation scale of
samples after 8 weeks cultured
Observation
Index
Treatment (T)
Auxiliary bud samples Blooming samples
Infected
samples
%
Clean samples
Infected
samples
%
Clean samples
Dead
scale %
Forming
generatio
n scale %
Dead
scale
%
Forming
generatio
n scale
%
T1: 7 mins 95.1 0.0 4.9 40.0 13.3 46.7
T2: 10 mins 95.0 5.0 0.0 26.7 60.0 13.3
T3: 7 mins + 1 min 20.0 20.0 60.0 20.0 73.3 6.7
T4: 10 mins + 1
min
15.0 65.0 20.0 0.0
100.0
0.0
Journal of Science Hong Duc University, E.2, Vol.7, P (67 - 73), 2016
69
The Table 3.1 shows that: The single disinfection for 7 minutes is best for blooming.
Dual disinfection for 7 minutes + 1 minute is best for the samples as axillary buds.
3.2. Effects of Benzamin Adenin (BA) on forming generation scale of Oncidium blooming
samples
Table 3.2. Effects of the BA on forming generation scale of Oncidium blooming samples
after 8 weeks cultured
Observation Index
Treatment (T)
Forming
generation
scale (%)
Protocorm
scale (%)
Bud scale
(%)
T1: MS + 2% of sugar + 0.1g/ liter of
Inositol + 6.5g of agar
5.3 9.4 90.6
T2: 0.5 ppm BA 40.0 66.2 34.8
T3: 1 ppm BA 75.2 88.3 11.7
T4: 2 ppm BA 84.7 96.6 3.4
T5: 3 ppm BA 45.3 60.7 39.3
The data of the Table 3.2 show that: The best treatment for forming generation and
Protocorm generation of blooming Oncidium Orchids is T4 (2 ppm).
3.3. Effects of Kinetine on form generation of oncidium blooming orchids after 8 weeks in
culture medium
Table 3.3. Effect of Kinetine on form generation scale and protocorm scale
after 8 weeks
Observation Index
Treatment (T)
Form
generation
scale (%)
Protocorm
scale (%)
Bud scale
(%)
T1: MS + 2% of sugar + 0.1g/ liter of
Inositol + 6.5g of agar 13.3 9.4 90.6
T2: 1 ppm BA 65.7 76.9 23.1
T3: 2 ppm BA 100.0 89.2 10.8
T4: 3 ppm BA 83.3 71.5 28.5
T5: 4 ppm BA 50.0 50.2 49.8
The data show that: The concentration of Ki that is best for blooming Oncidium
Orchids’ forming generation and protocorm is 2ppm.
Journal of Science Hong Duc University, E.2, Vol.7, P (67 - 73), 2016
70
3.4. Effects of growth control substance on bud multiplication process
3.4.1. Effects of the BA on bud multiplication process
Table 3.4.1. Effect of the BA on multiplying coefficient after 8 weeks of culture
Observation
Index
Treatment (T)
Bud multiplying
coefficient
(times/sample/
total time)
Bud creation
scale (%)
Protocorm
creation
scale (%)
T1: MS + 20 g/ liter of saccarose +
0.1g/ litter of Inositol + 6.5g of agar
0.38 6.01 93.09
T2: T1+0.5 ppm BA 1.63 53.53 46.47
T3: T1+1 ppm BA 1.63 71.24 28.76
T4: T1+1.5 ppm BA 2.12 76.15 23.85
T5: T1+2 ppm BA 1.43 68.47 31.53
LSD (5%) 0.66
CV% 2.20
The data show that: Concentration of the BA that is best for bud multiplication
process is 1.5 ppm BA.
3.4.2. Effects of Kinetine on the process of bud multiplication
Table 3.4.2. Effects of Kinetine on bud multiplying coefficient after 8 weeksof culture
Observation
Index
Treatment (T)
Bud multiplying
coefficient
(times/ sample/
time)
Bud creation
scale (%)
Protocorm
creation scale
(%)
T1: MS + 20g/ liter of saccarose +
0.1g/ litter of Inositol + 6.5g of agar
0.38 8.56 91.44
T2: T1+0.5 ppm Ki 2.47 93.30 6.70
T3: T1+1 ppm Ki 2.02 86.71 13.29
T4: T1+1.5 ppm Ki 2.10 70.27 29.73
T5: T1 + 2 ppm Ki 2.20 56.50 43.50
LSD (5%) 0.10
CV% 2.80
The data from Table 3.4.2 show that: The adding of Ki to the culture medium would
increase in the bud multiplying coefficient (T1-T4). The concentration of Kinetine which is
best for bud multiplication of Oncidium Orchids is 0.5 ppm of Kinetine.
Journal of Science Hong Duc University, E.2, Vol.7, P (67 - 73), 2016
71
3.5. Effects of organic substances on bud multiplication process
Table 3.5. Effects of organic extract on bud multiplying coefficient
after 8 weeks of culture
Observation
Index
Treatment (T)
Bud multiplying
coefficient
(times/ sample/ time)
Bud height
(cm)
Number of
leaves/buds
(leaves)
T1: MS + 20g/ liter of saccarose
+ 0.1g/ litter of Inositol + 6.5g of
agar
0.06 0.17 0.57
T2: T1+ 30g Potato 1.85 1.00 2.86
T3: T1+ 50g Potato 2,54 1.10 3.45
T4: T1+ 70g Potato 1.74 1.10 2.10
T5: T1+ 100g Potato 1.53 1.19 2.25
T6: T1+ 30g Banana 1.80 1.01 2.91
T7: T1+ 50g Banana 2.00 1.06 3.17
T8: T1+ 70g Banana 1.76 1.06 2.15
T9: T1+ 100g Banana 1.50 1.15 2.96
T10: T1+ 30g Banana + 30g
Potato
1.30 1.39 2.86
T11: T1+ 50g Banana + 50g
Potato
1.49 1.11 2.99
T12: T1+ 70g Banana + 70g
Potato
1.49 1.03 2.47
T13: T1+100g Banana + 100g
Potato
1.30 1.31 2.73
LSD (5%) 0.10
CV% 3.70
The data of the Table 3.5 show that: The treatments that are added with organic
extract produce higher quality of bud multiplying coefficient and bud shoot than Treatment 1
that is not added with organic extract. The different organic extracts (potatoes and bananas) in
an appropriate concentration produce good quality of buds and bud multiplying coefficient.
The combination of these two kinds also show good results, and the best treatment is 50g
Potato + 50g Banana.
Journal of Science Hong Duc University, E.2, Vol.7, P (67 - 73), 2016
72
3.6. Effects of the BA and Kinetine on developmental formation of the thin slicing samples
after 8 weeks observed
3.6.1. Research on the effects of the BA on developmental formation of the thin slicing
samples
Table 3.6.1. Effects of the BA and Kinetine on developmental formation of the thin
slicing samples after 8 weeks observed
Observation
Index
Treatment (T)
Formation
generation
scale (%)
Protocorm
scale (%)
Number of
Protocorm/LC
T1: MS + 20g/ liter of saccarose +
0.1g/ liter of Inositol + 6.5g of agar
6.7 100 2.4
T2: T1+ 0.3 ppm BA 100 100 2.6
T3: T1+ 0.5 ppm BA 100 100 4.4
T4: T1+ 1 ppm BA 100 100 5.2
T5: T1+ 2 ppm BA 90.1 100 4.6
The Table 3.6.1 shows that the best culture medium for slicing is MS+ 2% sugar +
6.5g agar + 1 ppm BA.
3.6.2. Research on effects of Kenetine on developmental formation of the thin slicing samples
Table 3.6.2. Effects of Kenetine on developmental formation of the thin slicing samples
Observation
Index
Treatment (T)
Formation
generation
scale (%)
Protocorm
scale (%)
Number of
Protocorm/LC
T1: MS + 20g /liter of saccarose +
0.1g/liter of Inositol + 6.5g of agar
6.67 100 2.43
T2: T1+ 0.3 ppm Ki 87.50 100 4.15
T3: T1+ 0.5 ppm Ki 100.00 100 6.75
T4: T1+ 1 ppm Ki 75.12 100 5.38
T5: T1+ 2 ppm Ki 75.05 100 5.35
The Table 3.6.2 shows that the BA has more significant effects on the development of
slicing than Ki, especially when BA added, the scale of forming generation and number of
Protocorm/LC are higher than when Ki added.
Journal of Science Hong Duc University, E.2, Vol.7, P (67 - 73), 2016
73
4. Conclusion and recommendations
4.1. Conclusion
The most appropriate mode of disinfection for bud samples is 7 minutes + 1 minute,
and for blooming samples is 7 minutes.
Both BA and Kinetine have effects on the forming generation of the blooming
Oncidium Orchids. The best treatment for BA is MS + 2% of sugar + 0.1g/ liter of Inositol +
6.5g of agar + 2 pmm BA, and for Kinetine is MS + 2% sugar + 0.1g/liter of Inositol + 6.5g
agar + 2 ppm Ki.
The best medium that contains the growth control substances for forming generation
of slicing is MS + 2% of sugar + 0.1g/ liter of Inositol + 6.5g of agar + 1 pmm BA.
The best medium for the Oncidium Orchids’ bud multiplication when added with growth
control substances is: MS + 2% of sugar + 0.1g/ liter of Inositol + 6.5g of agar + 0.5 ppm Ki.
During the process of rapid multiplication of the Oncidium Orchids’ buds, it is possible
to add organic extracts to the medium (like bananas and potatoes) following the treatment: MS +
2% of sugar + 0.1 g/liter of Inositol + 6.5g of agar + 50g Potato + 50g Banana.
4.2. Recommendations
It is possible to apply researched techniques to the multiplication of the Oncidium Orchids.
Continue developing the processes of multiplying different kinds of Orchids with a
more focus on native Orchids which are rapidly extinction.
References
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composition of Thua Thien Hue and conservation in vitro initially some species here.
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[3] Nguyen Quang Thach (2005), Orchid - technique selection, propagation and
cultivation, Hanoi Agriculture Publisher.
[4] Le Van Tuong Huan, Takamura T, Tanaka M (2004a), Callus formation and plant
regeneration from callus through somatic embryo structures in Symbidium orchid,
Plant Science 166: 1443 - 1449.
[5] Le Van Tuong Huan and Tanaka M (2004b) Callus induction form protocorm-like
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