Bài giảng Enterprise information systems - Chapter 13: The Financing Business Process

Chapter 13The Financing Business Process Chapter Learning ObjectivesIdentify the activities and documents common to most financing business processesExplain the various components of the REA ontology in the financing processCreate a REA business process level model for an enterprise’s financing processIdentify common information needs that exist within the financing processCreate database queries to retrieve financing process information from a relational database2Financing Cycle in the Value System3Financing Cycle in the Value Chain4Financing Cycle Business Process Level5Financing Cycle ResourcesCashIs the resource acquiredIs the resource given upType level entity – represents accounts in which cash and cash instruments are stored6Financing Cycle EventsCash RequisitionIs an instigation event whereby a request is made to obtain additional cash from external sources, usually on the basis of a cash flow budgetIs usually symbolized by a cash requisition number that identifies a requisition document that includes the date/time of requisition and information about the resources and agents involved in the event7Cash Requisition Document8Relational Tables Encompassing Cash Requisition Event9Financing Cycle EventsFinancing Agreement - DebtIs a mutual commitment event that obligates the external creditor to provide a certain amount of cash to the enterprise and obligates the enterprise to provide a certain amount of cash in a specified time to the external creditor. May be called Loan Agreement, Mortgage, Promissory Note, Bond, etc.10Debt Financing Agreement: Promissory Note11Debt Financing Agreement: Bond Certificate12Financing Cycle EventsFinancing Agreement – EquityIs a Commitment Event that obligates the external investor to provide a certain amount of cash to the enterprise. Implicitly obligates the enterprise to provide cash in exchange to the investor; however, amount and timing are not specific nor guaranteedDividend Declaration – EquityIs a Commitment Event that obligates the enterprise to provide cash or other resource to the external investor; amount and timing are specific and are a legal obligation13Equity Financing Agreement: Stock Certificate14Relational Tables Encompassing Debt and Equity Financing Agreements15Relational Tables Encompassing Debt and Equity Financing Agreements16Financing Cycle EventsCash Receipt EventAn economic increment event that represents the receipt of cash from an external investor or creditor in fulfillment of a debt or equity financing agreementTypically represented by a deposit slip; data captured as to date, amount, cash account into which it is deposited, agent from whom it was received, which financing agreement it fulfilled 17Relational Tables Encompassing Cash Receipt Event18Financing Cycle EventsCash DisbursementAn economic decrement event that represents the payment of cash by the enterprise to investors or creditors in fulfillment of a debt financing agreement or an equity dividend declaration (or stock re-purchase)Is usually symbolized by a check or disbursement voucher; data captured as to date, amount, cash account from which it is dispersed, agent to whom it was dispersed, which commitment it fulfilled Relational Tables Encompassing Cash Disbursement Event20Relational Tables Encompassing Cash Disbursement Event21Financing Cycle AgentsExternal AgentsInvestors for Equity financingCreditors for Debt financingInternal AgentsCashiers typically process cash receipt eventsFinancial Officers (possible also Board of Directors) approve debt and equity financing agreementsFinancing Clerks (or accounts payable clerks or cashiers) typically process cash disbursements22Financing Cycle RelationshipsDualityCash is exchanged for cash; duality represents the timing difference between the related cash inflows and outflowsFulfillmentFinancing agreement (debt or equity) fulfills cash requisition eventCash receipt fulfills financing agreement (debt or equity)Cash disbursement fulfills debt financing agreement or equity dividend declaration (or stock repurchase)23PropositionCash requisition proposes to increase cash to meet financing needsReservationDebt Financing agreement reserves cash to be received and also reserves cash to be disbursed (with different timing patterns)Equity Financing agreement reserves cash to be receivedEquity Dividend Declaration reserves cash to be disbursedStock-flow Cash resource is increased by cash receiptsCash resource is decreased by cash disbursementsFinancing Cycle Relationships24Financing Cycle RelationshipsParticipation relationshipsSee agent descriptions for events in which each type of agent participatesReciprocal Between Equity Financing Agreement Commitment Event and Dividend Declaration Commitment EventDividend declaration event (or stock repurchase agreement) specifies the obligation of the enterprise to pay cash to the investors that was implicitly a commitment in the equity financing agreement25Financing Cycle Resource QueriesCash is the most common resource in the financing processSee cash query examples in chapters 8-1226Financing Cycle Event QueriesWhat are details about each event instance?What are details about a specific event?E.g. what dollar amount was requested on cash requisition 3E.g. which loans bear interest rates > 9% and what are the dollar amounts of those loansWhat is summarized information for events for a specific time period?E.g. how many shares of common stock have been issued as of May 31, 2010E.g. how many cash receipts occurred in May 2010What is summarized information for events that meet specific criteria for a time period?27How many shares of common stock were issued as of 5/31/2010?28Financing Cycle Agent QueriesDetailed status information at one or more points in time for each agentOr for those who meet specific criteriaSummarized status information at one or more points in time for each agentOr for those who meet specific criteriaE.g. what are the names and addresses of the investors who have been rated as excellent?E.g. which financial officer has the highest limit for which to authorize debt?29Which financial officer has the highest limit for which to authorize debt?30Financing Cycle Duality and Fulfillment QueriesWhich cash receipts and cash disbursements correspond to each other?Which commitment events have not yet been fulfilled or have been only partially filled?Which commitment events have been completely filled?E.g. what is the outstanding principal balance of a specific debt financing agreement as of a specific date?31Outstanding principal balance of debt financing agreement L1 as of May 1, 201032Outstanding principal balance of debt financing agreement L1 as of May 1, 201033Outstanding principal balance of debt financing agreement L1 as of May 1, 201034Financing Cycle Stockflow QueriesWhich resource was affected by an economic event?E.g. which cash account was decreased by a cash disbursement or by a cash receiptBy what amount was a resource affected by an economic event?E.g. what total dollar amount of cash disbursements or cash receipts were made from a specific cash account35Dollar amount of cash disbursements made from cash accounts held at 1st Local Bank through May 31, 201036Financing Cycle Reservation QueriesWhat dollar amount is a financing agreement committing to acquire for a specific cash account?From which cash accounts will any dividend declarations that occurred during a specific time period be paid?What is the dollar value of cash reserved by a dividend declaration?On what dates is a financing agreement committing to acquire cash?37Total dollar amount reserved for cash account Ca123501 by financing agreements during May 201038Total dollar amount reserved for cash account Ca123501 by financing agreements during May 201039Total dollar amount reserved for cash account Ca123501 by financing agreements during May 201040Financing Cycle Participation QueriesWhich financial officer authorized a cash requisition?How many debt financing agreements has a financial officer approved?How much cash has been disbursed to a specific creditor?How many shares has a specific investor purchased?Which cashier processed a specific cash receipt?41List name and address of investors to which the most shares of common stock have been issued42List name and address of investors to which the most shares of common stock have been issued43SummaryWe discussed the financing process and how it fits in at the value system and value chain levelsWe discussed the extended REA pattern at the business process levelWe examined documents typically used to represent events and discussed related resources and agentsWe examined examples of relational database tables for the financing cycle and discussed data input into those tablesWe systematically discussed types of queries for the financing process to support decision-makers in various functional areasWe provided selected examples of queries of various types44Chapter 13End of Chapter