Bài giảng môn Organizational Behavior - Chapter 8: Learning and Decision Making

Learning andDecision MakingChapter 8Learning DefinedPermanent changes in an employee’s knowledge or skill that result from experienceEmployees learn two types of knowledge:Explicit - easy to communicate and teachTacit - more difficult to communicate; gained with experienceMethods of LearningHow do employees learn?ReinforcementMethods of LearningMethods of LearningMethods of LearningHow do employees learn?ReinforcementObservationMethods of LearningMethods of LearningSome people learn differently, as a function of the goals and activities that they prioritizeGoal orientationLearningPerformance-provePerformance-avoidDecision MakingThe process of generating and choosing from a set of alternatives to solve a problem.Learning has a significant impact on decision makingDecision MakingIdentify the problemIs the problem recognized? Has it been dealt with before?Programmed DecisionsNonprogrammed Decisions(Intuition, “Gut feeling”)(Rational decision making model)YesNoDecision MakingNonprogrammed decisionsRational decision-making modelDecision Making ProblemsCommon reasons for making bad decisionsLimited informationFaulty perceptionsFaulty attributionsEscalation of commitmentLimited InformationFaulty PerceptionsHeuristics and decision-making biasesAvailabilityAnchoringFramingRepresentativenessContractRecencyRatio BiasFaulty AttributionsEscalation of CommitmentThe decision to continue to follow a failing course of actionThrowing good money after badHow Important is Learning?ApplicationTrainingBehavior modelingCommunities of practiceTransfer of trainingClimate for transfer