Bài giảng Organizational behavior - Chapter 9: Effective Groups and Teams

Effective Groups and TeamsChapter NineAfter reading the material in this chapter, you should be able to:LO9.1 Describe the five stages of Tuckman’s theory of group development.LO9.2 Contrast roles and norms, and specify four reasons norms are enforced in organizations.LO9.3 Describe four attributes of a team playerLO9.4 Explain three ways to build trust and three ways to repair trust.LO9.5 Describe self-managed teams and virtual teams.LO9.6 Describe groupthink, and identify at least four of its symptoms.Fundamentals of Group BehaviorGroup two or more freely interacting people who share collective norms and goals and have a common identityFormal Groups Fulfill Organizational and Individual FunctionsTuckman’s Five-Stage Theory of Group DevelopmentGroup Member RolesRoles expected behaviors for a given positionTask roles Enable the group to define, clarify, and pursue a common purposeMaintenance roles Foster supportive and constructive interpersonal relationshipsKeep the group togetherTask and Maintenance RolesHow Norms are DevelopedExplicit statements by supervisors or co-workersCritical events in the group’s historyPrimacyCarryover behaviors from past situationsTeamsTeam a small number of people with complementary skills who are committed to a common purpose, performance goals, and approach for which they hold themselves mutually accountableTask groups that have matured to the performing stageTeam BuildingTeam building catchall term for a host of techniques aimed at improving the internal functioning of work groupsTeam-building workshops strive for greater cooperation, better communication, and less dysfunctional conflict.Three Forms of TrustContractual trust trust of characterCommunication trust trust of disclosureCompetence trust trust of capabilitySelf-Managed TeamsSelf-managed teams groups of workers who are given administrative oversight for their task domains. Administrative oversight involves delegated activities such as planning, scheduling, monitoring, and staffingVirtual TeamsVirtual team physically dispersed task group that conducts its business through information communication technology (ICT).Threats to EffectivenessGroupthink “a mode of thinking that people engage in when they are deeply involved in a cohesive in-group, when members’ strivings for unanimity override their motivation to realistically appraise alternative courses of actionSocial LoafingSocial Loafing tendency for individual effort to decline as group size increases