Bài giảng Sử dụng năng lượng bền vững - Ô nhiễm không khí
Bài tập 2 1. Assume that there is a fuel price-war going on in the HCMC area, 25 miles one way from where you normally purchase fuel. The current price in HCMC is $0.50 less than the price of $3.65/gal in VUNG T AU. You own a CAFÉ-compliant 2009 model-year car (23.1 miles/gallon) with a 15gal tank. Does it make economic sense to make the trip solely to purchase fuel? 2. Perform the same analysis as in Q-1 if: (a) you own a CAFÉ-compliant 2010 model year SUV (23.5 mpg) with a 22 gal tank; (b) you own a 2011 Prius with a 11.9 gal tank (32.4 mpg)
Bạn đang xem trước 20 trang tài liệu Bài giảng Sử dụng năng lượng bền vững - Ô nhiễm không khí, để xem tài liệu hoàn chỉnh bạn click vào nút DOWNLOAD ở trên
2/99
ĐẠI HỌC QUỐC GIA Tp.HCM
SỬ DỤNG NĂNG LƯỢNG BỀN VỮNG – BÀI 6
Cán Bô ̣Giảng Dạy: TS. HỒ QUỐC BẰNG
Phòng Ô Nhiễm Không Khí và Biến Đổi Khí Hậu
ViệnMôi trường và Tài nguyên
Phòng học: 501 C6- ĐHBK
Thời gian: Thứ 2, 18h15 – 20h45
Email: bangquoc@yahoo.com; ĐT:0906834630
Ô nhiễm không khí
3/99
Ô nhiễm không khí
4/99
Năng lượng, sức khỏe và mức sống
5/99
Energy, wealth and Air Quality
6/99
-thịnh vượng
Indoor air pollution
Gánh nặng
7/99
Indoor air pollution (fuels and pollutants)
(Thang)
8/99
(phân
bón)
Ô nhiễm không khí đô thị (địa lý)
9/99
10/99
-thu nhỏ lại, co lại
11/99
-phình ra
12/99
Others source: Industry, Residential, Biogenic
The top-down approach is used for generating the EI
Emission inventory over Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Percentage distribution of pollutants in different sources
80%
100%
Total emissions:
Repartition of emissions caused by different vehicle
categories
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
NOx CO SO2 NMVOC CH4
P
e
r
c
e
n
t
a
g
e
(
%
)
Moto Car Light Bus Heavy
P
e
r
c
e
n
t
a
g
e
(
%
)
14/30
0%
20%
40%
60%
NOx CO SO2 NMVOC CH4
P
e
r
c
e
n
t
a
g
e
(
%
)
Industry Residential + other Biogenic Traffic
Abatement strategies of emission
Emission inventory over Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
• (D) Emission reduction scenario for 2015:
(B) Business as Usual scenario for 2015:
Automobiles 14.5% /year & motorcycle 5.4% /year & + 3000 buses
(C) Business as Usual scenario for 2020:
Automobiles 14.5% /year & motorcycle 5.4% /year & + 4500 buses
15/30
- Same as (B) but:
- 1stmetro line replaces 25% of the total motorcycles
- Control emission of all vehicles: Moto emission 30%, car 20%, bus & truck 19%
(E) Emission reduction scenario for 2020:
- Same (C) but:
- 5 metro lines replace 50% of the total motorcycles
- Control emission of all vehicles: Moto emission 30%, car 20%, bus & truck 19%
Comparison of 4 scenarios to the emissions of 2006 (A)
Emission inventory over Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
PTDB (%)
-30
-10
10
30
50
70
0 20 40 60 80 100
E
m
i
s
s
i
o
n
s
c
o
m
p
a
r
i
s
o
n
(
%
)
Emissions of CO
c
o
m
p
a
r
i
s
o
n
(
%
) Percentage of transport
done by bus (PTDB in %)
C
D
A
B
E
F
G
16/30100%
Numberof kilometers traveled by busesPTDB
Total of kilometers traveled= ×
-170
-150
-130
-110
-90
-70
-50
E
m
i
s
s
i
o
n
s
c
o
m
p
a
r
i
s
o
n
(
%
)
Emissions of 2006 2015_Business as usual
2015_Reduction 2020_Business as usual
2020_Reduction
E
m
i
s
s
i
o
n
s
c
o
m
p
a
r
i
s
o
n
60
80
100
120
C
o
m
p
a
i
r
i
n
g
w
i
t
h
2
0
0
6
(
%
)
E
m
i
s
s
i
o
n
s
c
o
m
p
a
r
i
s
o
n
(
%
)
Comparison of 4 scenarios to the emissions of 2006 (A)
Emission inventory over Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
C
Emissions of NMVOC
17/30
-40
-20
0
20
40
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Percentage of buses (%)
2006 2015_Business as usual
2015_Reduction 2020_Business as usual
2020_ReductionE
m
i
s
s
i
o
n
s
PTDB (%)
100%Numberof kilometers traveled by busesPTDB
Total of kilometers traveled= ×
A
B
D
E
20
40
60
80
100
120
E
m
i
s
s
i
o
n
c
o
m
p
a
r
i
s
o
n
(
%
)
A
Comparison of CNG scenarios to the emissions of 2006 (A)
Emission inventory over Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
E
m
i
s
s
i
o
n
s
c
o
m
p
a
r
i
s
o
n
(
%
)
Emissions of NMVOC
18/30
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
PTDB (%)
2006 2015_Reduction_CNG 2020_Reduction_CNG
D
E
100%Numberof kilometers traveled by busesPTDB
Total of kilometers traveled= ×
E
m
i
s
s
i
o
n
s
c
o
m
p
a
r
i
s
o
n
(
%
)
PTDB (%)
Bài tập 2
1. Assume that there is a fuel price-war going on in the HCMC area, 25
miles one way from where you normally purchase fuel. The current
price in HCMC is $0.50 less than the price of $3.65/gal in VUNG TAU.
You own a CAFÉ-compliant 2009 model-year car (23.1 miles/gallon)
with a 15gal tank. Does it make economic sense to make the trip solely
to purchase fuel?
19/99
2. Perform the same analysis as in Q-1 if: (a) you own a CAFÉ-compliant
2010 model year SUV (23.5 mpg) with a 22 gal tank; (b) you own a 2011
Prius with a 11.9 gal tank (32.4 mpg)?
Ảnh hưởng ô nhiễm không khí lên sức khỏe
-Viêm phổi
mãn tính
-Nhồi máu
Cơ tim (ko vì béo)
20/99
Ảnh hưởng ô nhiễm không khí lên sức khỏe
(mắc bệnh)
21/99
(% bị mắc bệnh/Microg.m3)
Ảnh hưởng ô nhiễm không khí lên sức khỏe
22/99
Ảnh hưởng ô nhiễm không khí lên sức khỏe
23/99
