English for Chemists - lesson 2

English for Chemistslesson 2 GV: Châu Nhật Bằng Trường: ĐH Bà Rịa – Vũng Tàu www.themegallery.com Vocabulary Composition: thành phần - Paraffins - Naphthenes - Aromatics - Asphaltenes - sulfur: lưu huỳnh - oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen - metal www.themegallery.com Vocabulary Characteristics: tính chất Density: tỉ trọng API (American Petroleum Institute) gravity: độ API Sulfur content: nồng độ lưu huỳnh Viscosity: độ nhớt Pour point: nhiệt độ đông đặc Salt content: nồng độ muối www.themegallery.com Vocabulary Classification: phân loại Sweet oil: dầu ngọt Sour oil: dầu chua Heavy oil: dầu nặng Light oil: dầu nhẹ www.themegallery.com Vocabulary OPEC Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries IUPAC: International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry SI:International System of Units (Système International d’unités) Barrel (bbl): 1bbl= 42 US gallon=159 liters www.themegallery.com Grammar of sentences Clauses Clauses are the building blocks of sentences. A clause is group of words that contains a subject and a verbs Ex - chemistry is a science - when the first oil well was first drilled in 1859 These are not clauses: - after drilling the first oil well - to produce kerosene Prefixes Un- ( uncomfortable, uncountable, unemployed, unhappy, unlucky, unprofessional, unknown, unusual, unwell…) In-( incorrect, inactive, inconvenient, indirect, invisible…) Dis-(dishonest, disorder, disbelief, dislike, disagree…) Ir-, il-, im- (irregular, irresponsible, illegal, illogical, impossible, impolite…) www.themegallery.com Suffixes -able, -ible (remarkable, avoidable, memorable, valuable, divisible..) -ed (bored, shocked, pleased…) -ing (boring, shocking, pleasing, worrying…) www.themegallery.com Plural Noun -s 1 cat 2 cats 1 ipad 2 ipads 1 cup 2 cups 1 club 2 clubs www.themegallery.com Plural Noun -ES when noun end with one of these sounds s z ch sh dg 1 page 2 pages 1 box 2 boxes 1 lunch 2 lunches www.themegallery.com Plural Noun Irregular Noun Man men Woman women Child children Person People Mouse Mice Datum data Nucleus nuclei Spectrum spectra www.themegallery.com www.themegallery.com Grammar of sentences Subordinator: if, although, after, before, after, as soon as, unless, who, which, that, …. Independent S + V Clauses Dependent Subordinator + S + V www.themegallery.com Grammar of sentences Kind of sentences COMPOUND-COMPLEX COMPLEX COMPOUND SIMPLE www.themegallery.com Grammar of sentences Simple sentence A simple sentence is one independent clause Ex: - I enjoy playing tennis with my friends every weekend - I enjoy playing tennis and look forward to it every weekend - My friends and I played tennis and went swimming this weekend www.themegallery.com Grammar of sentences Compound sentence A compound sentence is two or more independent clauses joined toghether 3 ways www.themegallery.com Grammar of sentences www.themegallery.com