Rabindranath tagore with the love for women

42 HNUE JOURNAL OF SCIENCE DOI: 10.18173/2354-1067.2018-0048 Social Sciences, 2018, Volume 63, Issue 7, pp. 42-46 This paper is available online at RABINDRANATH TAGORE WITH THE LOVE FOR WOMEN Le Thi Bich Thuy Institute for Culture and Development Ho Chi Minh, National Political Academy Abstract. Women always have an important place and role in Indian literature. Thus, artists always give women the favor, the honor, the deep sympathy and defend them against the injustice of society. The image of the woman was bold in the works of R.Tagore. The author gives the women the best feelings and praises of their beauty with deep sympathy in suffering, constantly struggling to liberate women, bringing the right to life and happiness for women. Keywords: Love for women, Rabindranath Tagore. 1. Introduction Rabindranath Tagore was regarded as "great humanitarian" by his love of life and infinite love for the human. In many subjects about human beings, the love of the country, the image of Indian women always places an important position in the writings of Rabinđranath Tagore. Will Durant in Indian Civil History remarked: “He made poignant and gentle poems to describe the beauty of India, the charms of women, the suffering of Indian people” [6; 415] and “in his poetry, women are always very seduced” [6; 416]. Author Luu Duc Trung in the study of Indian literature stated “Tagore is very interested in the fate of Indian women with deep affection. He dedicated many poetry pages to praise them” [1; 231]. In the research work of Tagore - Literature And People, author Do Thu Ha analyzes empathy and enhances the role of women in Ragagore's writings: “In the literary world in Bengal, R.Tagore is really the poet, who wrote many works on women. Starting with The Gardener. Tagore describes women as a loving creature but is still in the state of dependence and surrender to men. In Binodini, he sets up a faithful woman who was opposed to society” [4; 306]. At the same time, the author asserts in “Indian Literature Curriculum”, Among Tagore's characters, the most memorable characters are women. Through these works, Tagore has strongly resisted the sad fact that the precious qualities and talents of Bengal women have been wasted and strangled through generations” [5; 355]. With human love, especially the love of women, Rabindranath Tagore has praised the beauty of Indian women from various angles, from the physical beauty to the personality and the other inner world. At the same time, he condemned the society with backward concepts, caste discrimination, oppression, exploitation, which caused the suffering for women and he struggled to liberate women, claimed the right to life, the right to be happy for Indian women. Received January 17, 2018. Accepted July 29, 2018. Contact Le Thi Bich Thuy, e-mail address: lebichthuyhcm@gmail.com Rabindranath Tagore with the love for women 43 2. Content 2.1. Praising the beauty of women Rabindranath Tagore has devoted a great deal of special affections and respects to the natural beauty offered by the Creator, the charm of the woman from outside to the scent emanating from their body. In the Short story Cloud and Sun, Tagore describes the distinct beauty of Indian women. It is the beauty of Queen Ajita who is considered to be the embodiment of beauty and nobility, the "fateful star" of the Sekha Kingdom poet in the reign of King Narayan. Although the poet had never seen her face, he always dreamed of the scent that was being fused in every step of her. "He used to watch the eyes of a mobile woman behind the curtain, just a faint sound from far away, he dreamed of the ankles ringed with tiny gold bells ringing in each step. Oh, gentle, rosy red feet, trampling on dust like God's love for the misery” [2; 60] and “a fragrance with a breeze blowing into the room” [2; 67]. The beauty of the widow with the “dark eyes” in Beautiful neighbor is described as “a dewy xephali flower just budding” [2; 80]. It was “the glistening black eyes of a girl in the Skeleton with “a charming smile on her red lips “and” soft and slender curves, shiny curves of youthfulness that is radiant “or Mrinmayi’s beauty in Little bride is described with “brilliant skin”, “Big and black eyes”, “face girl has a separate charm” [2; 203]. Those are the beauty of “embellished by the heavens and the earth, and completed by human hands”: Not God alone Who embroidered her Mankind as well The poet uses gold thread to weave her shape the painter paints lines For her beautiful life” [1; 231] Tagore sees the beauty as a throne in the inner world of a woman. The author not only describes the beauty of the woman's appearance, but also focuses on the inner world, the beauty of the soul, the personality of the woman exuded from love and sacrifice "Women are simple and honest people, with great stamina, who stick and carry out their duties in a very courageous commitment to society and family." [4; 113]. With pure and deep love, a woman only loves and does not dare to express or demand a response. They earnestly look forward to their beloved ones but do not use love to bind anyone, on the contrary, they takecare with a devoted and unconditional way. In Cloud and Sun Giribala who wanted to get Xasibuxan’s attention always gave him simple gifts such as “these cherries Garibala picked up in her garden and brought him every day” [2; 46]. Ratan's sentiment, caring for the Postmaster Postmaster is like the feeling of the servant to the master, as a believer to his idol, “she patiently endured, without a word of gratitude” [2; 8]. In love, the woman is willing to sacrifice honor, interests, youth and accepts to bear many difficulties of life to dedicate the person you love. The intense love of the princess, the daughter of the emperor Mughal, for Kesáclan “was an authentic Gogolian patriarch”, made her willing to change her worthiness to the one she loves in Broken illusion “I know that I must spend much time to be with Kasáclan, because I must first become a woman of Brahman” [2; 291]. Faith, the love for the person differing in class, made her leave the palace, live a life of adventure, accept every difficulty and try to change herself but her love, even she have to trade with her life, her youth, but she did not responded. “But I think that thinking about me, about the illusion that haunts me, pursuing me for so many years. How can I know how I can imagine the spirit of Le Thi Bich Thuy 44 Brahmanism conquered the heart of my woman in the midst of that open heart that was just a habit, a blind habit?” [2; 293]. 2.2. Criticism of backward concepts, caste discrimination, oppression, exploitation caused misery for women R.Tagore describes the beauty of a woman, praising love and compassion for women who are bound by harsh rituals. "The Indian women's life is often shackled by chains in the kitchen, working all day, can not out of the face towel separating with people, not daring to look up to the sky. Many ropes of rituals are bound around people” [1; 232]. He criticized the ambition, the radical ideas of people, the obsolete customs in society, the religious law has caused so much suffering, hurts women, makes women not live with their happiness. Thus, "their life is just the life of the blind girl: “One morning, in the flower garden, a blind girl comes to give me a wreath wrapped in lotus leaf I wreathed flowers on my neck, tears filled I kissed her and said: “She is blind as flowers, she is not sure how beautiful her gift is” [1;232]. In many works, the author denounces actions, gestures of hysterics, blindness, social conception, religion, caste, public opinion, fame, status, money, power, selfishness, jealousy, envy..., that caused many women to suffer injustice, and disadvantage. Long traditions have robbed the beautiful childhood of many girls, made them become little brides, even became widows when they are still young as in the writing Beautiful neighbor, Young bride, Clouds and Sun, Skeleton, and the remarriage of widows is considered as the stains of society that make the girl of her brilliant youth bury her thirst for love, burn her heart, and not dare to think about the couple's happiness as in the writings of Riverside wharfs, Judge, Xu ba, Therefore, the customs of society has gradually killed the youth of the woman. Class discrimination has created barriers that prevent a woman from coming to her beloved, even when they are ready to accept all the hardships, difficulties and challenges as in Hungry stone, Broken illusion, Number of horoscopes, Separating from the children, etc. It is sometimes the “old rules” that make the woman to trade with her life unreasonably. If a woman is lucky enough to escape from the cremation fire, there is an invisible hand resolutely preventing them from coming to happiness like Mahamaya in Cremation. The customary laws have put the woman into extremely harsh environment; they were not allow to study; ormaster their life; they have no place in society and are scorned by society and relatives. Gribala in Cloud and Sun was scorned by her own brothers for not being able to go to school because she is unable to read “strange little black letters”. Mrinmayi in the writing Little Bride misses Apocbo so much, wants to write to her husband from far away to express her desire, as well as she wants her husband back home but does not know how to send a letter to him"she picked up a colorful paper from a box with a golden edge and carefully began to write, clumsy strokes, small and big letters, and fingers with full of ink. She went straight to the content where there was no beginning and no address of Apocbo” [2; 216]. The young widow in Judge Hemsasi, who wrote the love letter with “deep feelings”, was “filled with spelling mistakes”, and at the same time, he also strongly condemned the notion of restraining women's liberation as the hypocritical face of the Judge in Judge “he called all Indian women as goddesses. On the other hand, he does not believe them at all. Due to his way of thinking, women have so many tendencies to break the strings attached to their families, and if there is a bit of discipline loosing, soon there will be no educated woman in the social cage” [2; 70]. Rabindranath Tagore with the love for women 45 2.3. Struggling for women's liberation, bringing right to life and happiness for women The Creator has given human the highest reward in one's life, that is love. They must be free in love, marriage and master of their life. Artistic creativity, through artistic creation, Tagore calls and encourages women struggling to liberate herself, struggling for the love to win asceticism, overcoming the conservative teachings that strangled the divine sentiment that The Creator has given the human. “The work Feminist wrote in 1928 by Tagore could be considered as a “command”, a call to motivate and urge Indian women to go to the battlefield, to win their fate, to straighten shackles, to set free themselves, and to win women's rights. - the right which mankind rewards them” [1; 232]. Tagore fought for the liberated woman from the constrictions of backwardness and conservatism: “You should be yourself to come here Do not mess up your clothes If your hair is plaited and then have been out If your parting is not straight, If your underwear is loose Do not worry, my dear You should be yourself to come here” [3; 292] The world of women's characters in Tagore's works is diverse, which is rich with many different personal traits. These characteristics are not only revealed in appearance and language but also manifested very clearly through gestures, actions of the character. The author describes the Indian women as smart, clever, socially savvy and confident in their communication and their desire to master their life. They are active women, they dare to fight for love and protect their own love. Through the writings, “Tagore has strongly resisted the sad fact that the precious qualities and talents of Bengal women have been wasted and strangled for generations. Surprisingly, if we could find a common feature of the female characters in Tagore's works, there is a characteristic that they are stronger than men” [4; 112]. Labanyalêkha is beautiful and smart, sharp, “just sweet and spicy” in the writing We are honored you to be king, and always active, confident in the communication. Mischievous Giribala, “one day, as if her strong imagination, her thoughts, her cleverness were all gathered to please the guy, and another day, she tried her best and tried to distract him” [2; 11] in the writing Cloud and Sun. Giribala always tries to understand and desires to receive new knowledge in the book, "she also wants to read the books that the brothers still read. So she sat in the room every day with a book to open in front of her mouth, muttering as reading, quickly moving from one page to the other. The strange little black letters as lined up endlessly guarded a large gate of some mysterious” [2; 13]. Mahamaya belongs to the Bengal noble class in Cremation with the beauty "is in the most brilliant and dazzling youths like a golden statue with skin like beautiful sunshine, the eyes free of fear “but” mute “and” her soul “contain a mental power that burns on the body like the sun at noon” [2; 70]. The girl in Skeleton is constantly looking back to her former beauty, proud and bitter, with the desire of unrequited love. “I want that, when I slowly enter the room of the eternal bride, I will bring that smile to radiate my face” [2; 179], In many works, Tagore refers to women who have dared to face their feelings, actively assert and confide their love to their beloved ones. The author praises women who dare to go beyond the backward notions of society to actively seek their own happiness and the triumph of love before the harshness of religion as in the play Revenge of the Nature, and the woman in the writing Separating from the children, Beautiful neighbor, Riverside wharfs, etc. Kuxum with “wistful face, calm posture” in Riverside wharfs when she falls in love “a worship (xaniaxi) who is young, high, Le Thi Bich Thuy 46 beautiful skin, unknown where go to an abbot at Xiva temple” [2; 262] took the initiative to confess her feelings. Kuxum's love is silent, without asking for the answer, she quietly devotes “I worshiped one person like God worship, and that devotion filled my heart with happiness. But one night, I dreamed of my lord sitting in a garden somewhere, clutching my right hand in his left hand and whispering to me about love. All the scenes are absolutely nothing strange to me. The dream has gone, but my heart still lingers. The next day, watching him, I saw him appear first with another look. Pictures in the dream obsess my mind forever. I was scared away from him, but the image still clung to me. From then on, my heart is no longer quiet, everything is dark in me!” [2; 265]. The young widow in Beautiful neighbor overcame the outdated notions of society to take the initiative in her own happiness with Nabin. “At first, he did not get her consent, but when he thoroughly used my eloquent arguments, plus some of his tears, the beautiful women surrendered him unconditionally” [2; 84]. 3. Conclusion R.Tagore with the love for women has praised their beauty from their appearance to personality, that made their inner world is richer, more charismatic than paradise. He looks deeply into the world of the soul of a woman - a world of complex and conflicting emotions with different expressions, wheares the outside action of the character is thought to be illogical. R.Tagore captures the individual psychological state of a woman, and by his own analysis, he proves readers that the logic within the character is the logic of love. Since then, he reflected on the state of Indian women's life, condemned the society with backward practices, oppressive injustices, and discriminated the class that caused the suffering of women. He wants Indian women to overcome their destiny and overcome themselves to participate in social activities, to assert themselves, to contribute to the liberation of women, and to bring about right to live and live happily. "He is proud of it and believes that if he passes away, millions of Indian women in the next century will still believe in him” [1; 234]. REFERENCES [1] Luu Duc Trung, 2009. Indian Literature. Education Publishing House, Hanoi. [2] Luu Duc Trung, 2004. Collection of R.Tagore works (Volume 2). Labor Publishing House - East West Cultural Language Center, Hanoi. [3] Luu Duc Trung – Phan Thu Hien, 2007. Anthology of Indian Literature. Education Publishing House, Hanoi. [4] Do Thu Ha, 2005. R.Tagore – Literature and People. Publishing House of Culture and Information, Hanoi. [5] Do Thu Ha, 2015. Curriculum for Indian Literature. Hanoi National University Publishing House, Hanoi. [6] Will Durant, 2013. History of Indian Civilization (Nguyen Hien Le Translated). General Publishing House of Ho Chi Minh City.